kariesaktivitet

Kariesaktivitet refers to the ongoing process of tooth decay. It is a dynamic process where demineralization of tooth enamel, caused by acids produced by bacteria, outweighs remineralization. This balance is influenced by various factors including diet, oral hygiene, saliva flow, and the presence of fluoride.

The primary bacteria involved in this process are Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species. These bacteria metabolize fermentable carbohydrates, such as sugars and starches, found in the diet. The metabolic by-product is acid, which lowers the pH in the plaque biofilm on the tooth surface. When the pH drops below a critical level (around 5.5), the enamel begins to dissolve.

Factors contributing to increased kariesaktivitet include frequent consumption of sugary or acidic foods and drinks, poor oral hygiene leading to plaque accumulation, reduced saliva flow (xerostomia), and insufficient exposure to fluoride. Conversely, good oral hygiene, a balanced diet with limited sugar intake, adequate saliva production, and the use of fluoride toothpaste or treatments can promote remineralization and reduce kariesaktivitet.

Dental professionals assess kariesaktivitet by examining the teeth for signs of demineralization (white spots), existing cavities, and by considering the patient's risk factors. Management of kariesaktivitet involves interventions aimed at preventing further demineralization and enhancing remineralization. This can include professional fluoride applications, dental sealants, dietary counseling, and improved oral hygiene instruction.