karcinómának

Karcinóma is the Hungarian term for carcinoma, a type of cancer that originates in epithelial cells. Epithelial cells form the outer layer of the skin and the lining of internal organs and cavities. Carcinomas are the most common type of cancer, accounting for about 80-90% of all cancer diagnoses. They can arise in various parts of the body, including the breast, lung, prostate, colon, and skin.

Carcinomas develop when cells in these epithelial tissues begin to grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor. These tumors can be benign or malignant. Malignant carcinomas have the ability to invade surrounding tissues and spread to distant parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis. The specific type of carcinoma is often named after the organ or cell type where it originates, such as adenocarcinoma (originating in glandular tissue) or squamous cell carcinoma (originating in flat, scale-like cells).

The causes of carcinoma are varied and can include genetic mutations, exposure to carcinogens (such as tobacco smoke, radiation, or certain chemicals), chronic inflammation, and certain infections. Diagnosis typically involves medical imaging, biopsies, and laboratory tests. Treatment options depend on the type, stage, and location of the carcinoma and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or targeted therapy.