kandidóz

Kandidóza is a fungal infection caused by yeasts belonging to the genus Candida. The most common species implicated is Candida albicans, which is a normal inhabitant of the human body, residing in the mouth, gut, and on the skin. When the balance of microorganisms is disrupted, Candida can overgrow and cause infection. Risk factors for developing candidóza include weakened immune systems due to conditions like HIV/AIDS or chemotherapy, the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, diabetes, pregnancy, and certain medical devices like catheters. The symptoms of candidóza vary depending on the affected area. Oral candidóza, also known as thrush, typically presents as white patches in the mouth, tongue, and throat, often accompanied by redness and soreness. Vaginal candidóza, or yeast infection, is characterized by itching, burning, and thick, white discharge. Cutaneous candidóza can cause red, itchy rashes in skin folds such as the armpits and groin. In rare but serious cases, Candida can enter the bloodstream, leading to invasive candidóza, which can be life-threatening. Diagnosis is usually made through clinical examination and laboratory tests, such as microscopic examination or fungal culture of samples from the affected area. Treatment typically involves antifungal medications, which can be topical or oral, depending on the severity and location of the infection. Preventive measures include maintaining good hygiene, managing underlying health conditions, and using antibiotics judiciously.