kallformade

Kallformade is a Swedish term meaning cold-formed, used to describe metal parts manufactured by forming processes at or near room temperature. In cold forming, metal stock is shaped using dies and presses, often through stamping, bending, punching, drawing, or extrusion, without primary heating. The process relies on ductility and work hardening to achieve final geometry, and may be followed by light heat treatment or quenching if needed to adjust properties.

Common materials include carbon and alloy steels, stainless steels, and aluminum alloys. Components produced by kallformning include fasteners (screws, bolts), brackets, housings, connectors, and structural members used in automotive, construction, electrical, and consumer industries. The approach offers high dimensional accuracy and excellent surface finish, with increased strength from work hardening and often shorter cycle times and lower energy consumption compared with hot forming. It also reduces grain growth and distortion, and typically eliminates some post-forming steps.

Limitations include a restriction to ductile metals and parts with favorable geometry; high tool wear and startup costs; springback and thinning in thin-walled sections; and the need for precise lubrication and process control to avoid defects and residual stresses. Complex geometries may require progressive or multi-operation tooling and secondary processes.

Quality assurance relies on adherence to international and national standards for tolerances, material properties, and testing, along with inspection of dimensions, surface finish, hardness, and mechanical properties. Kallformade is widely used in mass production due to its efficiency and consistency.