kaliumbentsaatit

Kaliumbentsaatit, commonly known as potassium benzoates, are salts formed from benzoic acid and potassium. The principal member is potassium benzoate, with the chemical formula C7H5KO2 and a molecular weight of about 160.2 g/mol. They appear as white crystalline solids and are soluble in water. The term can refer to potassium salts of benzoic acid in general.

Chemically, potassium benzoate is produced by neutralizing benzoic acid with a potassium base, typically potassium hydroxide. The resulting salt is stable under ordinary storage conditions and acts as a preservative because it inhibits the growth of certain molds, yeasts, and bacteria, especially in acidic environments.

Applications and regulatory status include widespread use as a food preservative (commonly listed as E212 in many regulatory systems) and its deployment in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals to prevent microbial growth. In foods, it is most effective in acidic products such as fruit juices, soft drinks, and salad dressings. Levels are regulated by food safety authorities, and the additive is approved for use within country-specific limits.

Safety and health considerations are generally favorable when used within approved levels, but as with many benzoate salts, there are occasional sensitivities or allergies in a minority of individuals. There have been concerns about the potential formation of benzene in some beverages when benzoates are present together with vitamin C and under certain conditions; regulators monitor such risks and manufacturers may adjust formulations to mitigate them. Potassium benzoate is also used as a preservative in cosmetics and medicines, where it helps extend shelf life and maintain product quality.

Related compounds include other benzoate salts, such as sodium benzoate, and their use is guided by similar regulatory frameworks.