kõrgharidussüsteemist

Estonia's higher education system is structured into two main cycles: Bachelor's and Master's degrees, followed by a Doctoral degree. The Bachelor's and Master's degrees are typically awarded after three and two years of study, respectively. Doctoral studies generally take four years to complete. The system is based on the Bologna Process, ensuring comparability and recognition of qualifications across European countries.

There are two types of higher education institutions in Estonia: universities and universities of applied sciences. Universities focus on academic research and theoretical studies, offering both Bachelor's, Master's, and Doctoral programs. Universities of applied sciences, on the other hand, emphasize practical skills and vocational training, primarily offering Bachelor's and Master's degrees with a strong link to the labor market.

Estonian higher education is largely publicly funded, with tuition fees generally not charged for students pursuing studies in Estonian. However, international students and those studying in English often incur tuition fees. The Ministry of Education and Research oversees the national higher education policy. Academic freedom is a cornerstone of the system, with institutions enjoying autonomy in their academic and administrative affairs. Student admission is competitive and based on secondary school performance and entrance examinations. The system aims to foster critical thinking, research capabilities, and prepare graduates for diverse professional roles.