jäätalven

Jäätalven is the plural form of the Finnish noun jäätalvi, which translates literally to “ice winter” and refers to a sudden and severe cold spell that typically follows a period of warmer weather. The term is commonly used in Finnish meteorological reports and everyday conversation when describing abrupt drops in temperature, especially during the transitional periods between spring and autumn or during occasional late‑season cold waves.

The word is derived from the combination of “jäät” meaning “ice” and “talvi” meaning “winter.” Historically, the concept has been significant in Finland’s agrarian and maritime societies, where unpredictable cold spells could endanger livestock, delay planting, and affect sea navigation. In recent decades, climate science has also highlighted the increasingly erratic nature of jäätalven events in the context of global warming, as occasional intense cold fronts appear against a background of rising average temperatures.

In other Nordic languages similar expressions exist. For instance, in Swedish a comparable phenomenon is referred to as “isvinter” or “kallvind.” However, the Finnish term is unique in its direct reference to ice and has occasionally been used metaphorically to describe extreme or frosty attitudes in social contexts.

Meteorological services in Finland monitor jäätalven by tracking temperature thresholds below –10 °C across various regions. Such events are typically short‑lived, lasting from a few hours to several days, but they can cause significant economic disruption, especially in agriculture, forestry, and the energy sector.