ironIIketoglutarate
Iron(II) ketoglutarate, commonly described as Fe(II)–α-ketoglutarate, refers to the coordination complex formed between ferrous iron and the substrate α-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate). In biochemistry, this complex functions as a cosubstrate or cofactor for a large family of non-heme iron(II)-dependent dioxygenases. These enzymes use Fe2+ and α-ketoglutarate to activate molecular oxygen for oxidative transformations, linking cellular metabolism to diverse biochemical processes.
In the enzyme active site, iron(II) is typically coordinated by a facial triad of ligands, often two
Significance and context: these cofactors are central to numerous physiological processes, including collagen biosynthesis, hypoxia signaling,