irinotekaanin

Irinotecan is a chemotherapy drug used to treat certain types of cancer, most notably colorectal cancer. It belongs to a class of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors, which work by interfering with an enzyme essential for DNA replication and repair in cancer cells. This disruption leads to DNA damage and ultimately cell death.

The drug is typically administered intravenously, often as part of a combination chemotherapy regimen. Its effectiveness in treating metastatic colorectal cancer has been well-established, and it is also used for other gastrointestinal cancers. The dosage and treatment schedule are determined by the specific cancer type, stage, and the patient's overall health.

Like many chemotherapy agents, irinotecan can cause side effects. Common adverse reactions include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and myelosuppression (a decrease in blood cell production). Severe diarrhea is a particularly notable side effect that requires careful management. Other potential side effects can affect the liver and lungs. Patients receiving irinotecan are closely monitored for these side effects, and supportive care measures are employed to manage them. The drug's metabolism is influenced by genetic factors, particularly in the UGT1A1 enzyme, which can affect its toxicity and efficacy.