invertionsförstärkare

invertionsförstärkare is a type of operational amplifier circuit that produces a signal output that is phase‑inverted (180° out of phase) relative to its input. The circuit is commonly realised with an op‑amp configured in a negative‑feedback arrangement in which the input is applied to the inverting terminal and the non‑inverting terminal is grounded. The feedback network typically consists of two resistors: the input resistor R1 and the feedback resistor R2, connected between the output and the inverting terminal. The closed‑loop gain of the amplifier is the negative ratio –R2/R1, so by selecting these resistors the desired inversion and amplification factor are set.

Because the negative feedback forces the op‑amp to perform the required inverted operation, the circuit offers high input impedance at the non‑inverting pin, moderate input impedance at the inverting pin (determined by R1), low output impedance, and excellent linearity within the supply limits of the op‑amp. The bandwidth and slew rate of the amplifier are determined mainly by the op‑amp itself; the feedback network does not introduce significant phase shift other than the 180° inversion.

Typical applications of an invertionsförstärkare include analog signal conditioning, active filters, instrumentation amplifiers, and as building blocks in more complex analog signal processing chains. In audio and instrumentation, the inversion property can be used to cancel noise by feeding a reversed copy of a signal into a summing network. Because the closed‑loop gain is determined by resistor ratios, the circuit is also popular in precision measurement devices, where accuracy and stability are critical.