internasional

In Indonesian and Malay, internasional is a term used to describe anything related to relations between nations or to the global community. The English equivalent is international. In Indonesian, the word is used in phrases such as hubungan internasional (international relations), hukum internasional (international law), perdagangan internasional (international trade), and organisasi internasional (international organizations). The term is a loanword from European languages, ultimately tracing to Latin roots inter- and natio.

International relations encompasses the study of interactions among states, international organizations, non-state actors, and the norms that govern state behavior. The field covers diplomacy, security, trade, development, human rights, and environmental issues. International law is the body of rules that regulate conduct between states and other international actors, including treaties, customary law, and principles recognized by the international community.

International organizations such as the United Nations, World Trade Organization, International Monetary Fund, and International Criminal Court are central to international governance. Regional blocs like the European Union, ASEAN, and the African Union illustrate how nations pursue collective interests beyond bilateral relations.

Globalization has intensified cross-border flows of goods, services, information, and people, creating both opportunities and challenges. Issues such as climate change, migration, pandemics, and cross-border security require cooperation beyond national borders, highlighting the interdependent nature of the international system. See also International relations, International law, Globalization.