interferometrických

Interferometrických refers to techniques and phenomena related to interferometry. Interferometry is a class of techniques in wave physics that uses the principle of superposition to force two or more waves, usually from the same source, to interfere with each other. A common application is to measure wavelengths or the refractive index of a substance by observing the interference pattern.

The core principle of interferometry relies on the wave nature of light or other wave phenomena. When two or more waves overlap in space, their amplitudes combine. If the waves are coherent (meaning they have a constant phase relationship), this combination can result in constructive interference, where the resulting wave is stronger, or destructive interference, where the waves cancel each other out, leading to a reduction in amplitude. The resulting pattern of constructive and destructive interference is known as an interference pattern, often observed as fringes of light and dark.

Interferometers are optical instruments that utilize this principle. Various types of interferometers exist, such as the Michelson interferometer, Mach–Zehnder interferometer, and Fabry–Pérot interferometer, each designed for specific applications. These devices are used in a wide range of scientific and technological fields, including astronomy for measuring the distances to stars, metrology for high-precision measurements of length and surface irregularities, and in spectroscopy for analyzing the spectral content of light. The term "interferometrických" is the genitive plural form of the Slovak adjective "interferometrický," meaning "interferometric."