inliquid

Inliquid is a term used to describe processes, experiments, or technologies that occur within a liquid medium, as opposed to those conducted in air, gas, solid, or vacuum environments. The expression is encountered in chemistry, materials science, biology, and engineering to emphasize the influence of solvent environments on reaction pathways and material behavior.

In chemistry and materials science, inliquid processes encompass liquid-phase synthesis, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis in solution, electrochemical deposition from solutions, and the preparation of colloidal or nanoparticulate systems in solvating media. In biotechnology and biophysics, many reactions, assays, and culture methods are performed in liquids, highlighting transport and mixing as critical factors.

Key considerations include solvent selection, polarity, viscosity, temperature, and solute concentration, as well as mass transport, diffusion, and convection. The medium's properties can alter reaction rates, selectivity, and yield, while safety and environmental considerations relate to solvent toxicity and waste.

The term is descriptive rather than a universal scientific designation and can be hyphenated as in-liquid. It is sometimes used in branding or project naming to signal a focus on liquid-based approaches. Because "inliquid" spans disciplines, its precise meaning can vary with context.

Related concepts include liquid-phase chemistry, solution chemistry, wet chemistry, and aqueous or solvent-based processing.