immuunihäiriöiden

Immuunihäiriöiden, or immune system disorders, are conditions where the immune system does not function properly. This can manifest in several ways, leading to either an overactive or underactive immune response.

Primary immunodeficiencies are genetic conditions present from birth, affecting the development or function of specific immune cells or proteins. These disorders make individuals more susceptible to infections. Examples include common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA).

Secondary immunodeficiencies are acquired later in life due to external factors. These can be caused by infections like HIV/AIDS, certain cancers, malnutrition, or the use of immunosuppressive medications, such as those used in organ transplantation or chemotherapy. Autoimmune diseases are a significant category of immune system disorders where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own healthy tissues. Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and type 1 diabetes fall under this umbrella. Allergies, where the immune system overreacts to harmless substances like pollen or certain foods, are another common manifestation of immune system dysregulation. The diagnosis and management of immuunihäiriöiden involve a range of medical specialists and treatments aimed at preventing infections, managing symptoms, and in some cases, restoring immune function.