ilmanvaihtotavan

Ilmanvaihtotapa refers to the method of ventilation used in buildings. It describes how fresh air is supplied and stale air is removed to maintain acceptable indoor air quality. There are several main types of ilmanvaihtotapa.

Natural ventilation relies on the natural forces of wind and temperature differences to drive air exchange. This can occur through openable windows, doors, and vents, often referred to as free ventilation. Stack effect, where warmer indoor air rises and exits through higher openings, and wind pressure, which pushes air in through openings on the windward side and pulls it out on the leeward side, are key principles.

Mechanical ventilation uses fans to actively control the airflow. Supply air is pushed into the building, and/or exhaust air is pulled out. Balanced ventilation systems use both supply and exhaust fans to maintain a neutral pressure within the building, ensuring consistent air exchange rates. Heat recovery ventilation (HRV) or energy recovery ventilation (ERV) systems are advanced mechanical systems that pre-condition incoming fresh air by transferring heat and/or moisture from the outgoing exhaust air.

Hybrid ventilation, also known as mixed-mode ventilation, combines natural and mechanical methods. It utilizes natural ventilation when outdoor conditions are favorable and switches to mechanical ventilation when needed to ensure adequate air quality and thermal comfort. The choice of ilmanvaihtotapa significantly impacts energy consumption, indoor air quality, and occupant comfort in a building.