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iako

iako is a term from Polynesian sailing tradition, most commonly encountered in Māori language and studies of waka (canoes). It refers to the horizontal spars that form part of a traditional sailing canoe’s rigging. The iako provide the framework to spread and support the sails and to attach lines that control sail shape. In a waka, iako extend laterally from the central mast toward the sides of the hull and are connected to other spars and lashings to create a stable rigging system.

Construction and maintenance: iako are typically carved from straight timbers selected for stiffness and straightness. They

Cultural significance: as a core element of waka rigging, iako embody traditional craftsmanship and navigational knowledge.

Modern usage: in contemporary practice, iako remain a fundamental concept in the construction and restoration of

are
shaped
with
traditional
tools
and
fastened
to
the
mast
and
other
spars
with
lashings
or
carved
fittings.
Correct
fit
and
tension
are
essential
for
efficient
sail
handling,
especially
in
long-distance
voyaging.
The
making
and
tuning
of
iako
are
often
taught
within
communities
and
can
feature
in
ceremonial
waka-building
practices
and
in
the
training
of
navigators.
historical
and
replica
canoes.
They
are
also
discussed
in
academic
and
museum
contexts
as
part
of
the
study
of
Polynesian
seafaring
and
voyaging
networks.
Etymology:
the
term
appears
across
Polynesian
languages
with
related
meanings
referring
to
spars
or
yard-like
elements
of
a
sail
rig.