iCloud

iCloud is a cloud storage and cloud computing service developed by Apple Inc. It was announced in 2011 as part of Apple's efforts to synchronize data across devices and provide online backups. By storing photos, documents, backups, and other app data in the cloud, iCloud enables syncing and access across iPhone, iPad, Mac, and via Windows or the iCloud website.

Core services include iCloud Drive for file storage and syncing; iCloud Photos for image synchronization; iCloud Backup for device backups; Mail, Contacts, Calendars, and Notes in the user’s iCloud account; iCloud Keychain for password and credit card data; and Find My for locating devices. Family Sharing allows sharing purchases and storage with family members. iCloud can be accessed through apps on Apple devices and via iCloud.com on non‑Apple platforms. Apple also offers iCloud+ as an expanded tier with additional features such as Private Relay, Hide My Email, and Custom Email Domain.

Storage is offered with a free tier of 5 GB, with paid tiers of 50 GB, 200 GB, and 2 TB (pricing varies by region). iCloud+ subscriptions can be shared within a Family Sharing group.

Security and privacy: data is encrypted in transit and at rest; certain data may be end-to-end encrypted, depending on the service and user configuration. Apple emphasizes user privacy and offers two-factor authentication as a recommended security measure.

Impact and limitations: iCloud is tightly integrated with Apple's ecosystem, providing seamless synchronization but relying on Apple services for access across platforms. Third‑party developers can access certain data via iCloud APIs, subject to user consent and platform rules.