hüperurikeemiat

Hyperuricemia is a medical condition characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood. Uric acid is a waste product formed when the body breaks down purines, which are substances found naturally in the body and in certain foods. Normally, uric acid is dissolved in the blood, filtered by the kidneys, and excreted in urine.

When the body produces too much uric acid or the kidneys don't excrete enough of it, uric acid levels can rise, leading to hyperuricemia. This can occur due to various factors, including genetics, diet high in purine-rich foods like red meat, organ meats, and seafood, excessive alcohol consumption, certain medical conditions such as kidney disease, high blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome, and some medications.

While hyperuricemia itself may not cause symptoms, it is a significant risk factor for developing certain health problems. The most well-known complication is gout, a painful form of arthritis caused by the formation of uric acid crystals in the joints. These crystals can trigger inflammation, leading to sudden, severe attacks of pain, swelling, redness, and tenderness in affected joints, commonly the big toe.

Another potential consequence of prolonged hyperuricemia is the formation of kidney stones. Uric acid stones can form in the kidneys, causing pain, blood in the urine, and potential urinary tract infections. In some cases, persistently high uric acid levels can also contribute to chronic kidney disease.

Diagnosis of hyperuricemia is typically made through a blood test that measures uric acid levels. Treatment often involves lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes to reduce purine intake, limiting alcohol, and maintaining a healthy weight. Medications to lower uric acid levels may be prescribed for individuals with symptomatic hyperuricemia or those at high risk of developing gout or kidney stones.