hõõrdpidurid

Hõõrdpidurid, also known as friction brakes, are a common type of braking system used in vehicles and machinery. Their primary function is to convert kinetic energy into thermal energy through friction, thereby slowing down or stopping a moving object. The fundamental principle involves bringing two surfaces into contact, with one surface stationary or moving at a different speed than the other. The force of friction between these surfaces opposes the motion.

The most prevalent type of friction brake is the drum brake, which typically consists of a rotating drum and two brake shoes that are pressed against the inner surface of the drum. When the brakes are applied, hydraulic pressure forces the brake shoes outwards, creating friction against the drum. This friction generates heat and slows the rotation of the wheel. Another widely used system is the disc brake. In a disc brake, a rotor (a disc) rotates with the wheel, and brake pads are squeezed against the rotor's surfaces by a caliper. This clamping action generates friction, slowing the rotor and, consequently, the wheel.

Friction brakes are relatively simple in design, cost-effective to manufacture, and provide reliable stopping power. However, they are susceptible to brake fade, a phenomenon where braking performance diminishes due to overheating. Prolonged or heavy braking can cause the brake components to reach temperatures where the coefficient of friction decreases. Regular maintenance, including inspection and replacement of worn components like pads and rotors, is essential for maintaining the effectiveness and safety of friction braking systems.