hyperkolesterolemiaa

Hypercholesterolemia, often referred to as high cholesterol, is a medical condition characterized by elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that is essential for building healthy cells, but when its levels become too high, it can pose significant health risks. There are two main types of cholesterol: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, often called "bad" cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, known as "good" cholesterol. Hypercholesterolemia primarily refers to an excess of LDL cholesterol.

The condition often develops without noticeable symptoms and is typically diagnosed through a routine blood test called a lipid panel. Factors contributing to hypercholesterolemia include genetics, a diet high in saturated and trans fats, lack of physical activity, obesity, smoking, and age. While not immediately causing discomfort, persistently high LDL cholesterol can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, a process known as atherosclerosis. This narrowing and hardening of the arteries restricts blood flow and increases the risk of serious cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke.

Management of hypercholesterolemia typically involves lifestyle modifications such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, increasing physical activity, and quitting smoking. In some cases, medication, particularly statins, may be prescribed by a healthcare professional to help lower cholesterol levels effectively. Regular medical check-ups and adherence to treatment plans are crucial for preventing complications.