hoists

A hoist is a device used for lifting or lowering a load by means of a lifting medium such as chain, rope, or belt. Hoists are designed to be powered by manual, electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic drives and to provide controlled vertical movement. They are commonly used as the lifting element of cranes, hoisting systems, or stand-alone lifting equipment. A typical hoist consists of a lifting mechanism, a drum or lifting member, a drive (motor or manual pull), a brake, a hook or sling attachment, and protective housing. Many hoists are mounted on trolleys to travel horizontally along a beam; others are fixed in place.

Types of hoists include manual chain hoists, electric chain hoists, wire rope hoists, and hydraulic or pneumatic hoists. Manual chain hoists operate by pulling a hand chain. Electric chain hoists use a motor and gear train for lifting. Wire rope hoists use wire rope wound around a drum and are common for heavier loads or longer travel. Hydraulic or pneumatic hoists rely on fluid pressure or compressed air for lifting and are often used in hazardous environments or specialized applications. Hoists are also configured for specific contexts, such as theatre rigging or patient handling in healthcare settings.

Hoists are rated by a working load limit or rated capacity and are selected based on load weight, lift height, speed, and duty cycle. Installation requires suitable supports, control devices, and safety measures. Regular pre-use inspections, maintenance, and adherence to safety standards are essential. Standards and requirements vary by country but typically emphasize guarding, limit switches, braking, and proper operator procedures.

Overall, hoists provide a compact, versatile means of vertical movement for material handling, construction, entertainment, and medical applications, offering precise control and a range of power options.