hoftedysplasi

Hoftedysplasi, also known as hip dysplasia, is a condition where the hip joint does not form properly. In a healthy hip, the head of the femur (thigh bone) fits snugly into the acetabulum, a socket in the pelvis. In individuals with hoftedysplasi, the acetabulum is too shallow or misshapen, leading to an unstable or loose hip joint. This can result in the head of the femur not being adequately covered by the socket.

Hoftedysplasi can affect one or both hips and can range in severity from mild instability to complete dislocation of the hip. The condition is often present at birth and is more common in infants, particularly girls. While the exact cause is unknown, genetics, breech presentation during pregnancy, and certain environmental factors are thought to play a role.

Symptoms can vary. In infants, it might not be apparent until later stages. Signs can include unequal leg lengths, clicking sounds from the hip, limited range of motion, and the affected leg turning outward. As the individual ages, if left untreated, hoftedysplasi can lead to pain, difficulty walking, and early-onset osteoarthritis of the hip.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and imaging tests such as ultrasound, X-rays, or MRI. Treatment depends on the severity and age of the patient. For infants, conservative treatments like a Pavlik harness or bracing can be effective in encouraging proper hip development. In older children and adults, surgery may be necessary to correct the deformity and stabilize the hip joint. Early detection and intervention are crucial for a favorable outcome.