hispaania

Hispaania, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. It covers about 505,990 square kilometers and has a population around 47 million. Madrid is the capital and largest city. The official language is Spanish (Castilian), with regional languages such as Catalan, Basque, and Galician recognized in their communities. Spain is a member of the European Union and the eurozone.

Geographically, Hispaania borders Portugal and encloses the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla in North Africa. It has coastlines on the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, and includes the Balearic and Canary Islands. Its landscapes vary from the Pyrenees and other mountains to plateaus, forests, and arid zones.

Politically, Hispaania is a constitutional monarchy. The king is the head of state and the prime minister is the head of government. The Cortes Generales, comprising the Congress of Deputies and the Senate, enacts national law. The country is divided into 17 autonomous communities with devolved powers over education, health, and policing.

Economically, Hispaania is among Europe’s largest economies. Services dominate GDP, with tourism a major sector. Key industries include automotive, machinery, chemicals, and agriculture. Exports cover vehicles, machinery, foodstuffs, and textiles. The country participates in the European Single Market and has pursued diversification toward renewables and technology.

Historically, the territory has been shaped by Roman and Moorish rule before unification in the 15th century under the Catholic Monarchs. It built a global empire in the Early Modern period, followed by a 20th‑century civil war and Franco dictatorship. A democratic transition began in 1978. Hispaania is known for its cultural heritage, art, architecture, literature, cuisine, and regional traditions.