hemodialys
Hemodialysis is a renal replacement therapy used to remove waste products, excess fluids, and balance electrolytes when the kidneys can no longer perform these tasks adequately. It relies on a hemodialyzer, or dialyzer, containing a semipermeable membrane. Blood flows on one side while a specially prepared dialysate flows on the other; solutes diffuse across the membrane and fluid is removed by ultrafiltration under pressure.
Blood is circulated through an extracorporeal circuit and connected to the patient via vascular access. The
Dialysate composition is carefully tailored to maintain stable electrolyte and acid–base status, and its quality is
Common indications include end-stage kidney disease and certain cases of acute kidney injury requiring ongoing dialysis.