hematomaat

Hematoma is a localized collection of blood outside of blood vessels, typically caused by trauma or injury to the blood vessel walls. It occurs when blood leaks into surrounding tissues, forming a swelling or mass that can vary in size from small to large. Hematomas are common in various parts of the body and often result from blunt or penetrating injuries, surgical procedures, or underlying blood clotting disorders.

The formation of a hematoma involves the rupture of capillaries, veins, or arteries, leading to blood accumulation. The characteristics of a hematoma depend on its location, size, and the affected blood vessel's type. Superficial hematomas may appear as bruises or discolorations on the skin, while deeper hematomas can develop within muscles, organs, or the brain (intracranial hematoma).

Symptoms associated with hematomas may include swelling, pain, tenderness, skin discoloration, and in some cases, compromised function of the affected area. For intracranial hematomas, symptoms can include headache, neurological deficits, or altered consciousness, requiring urgent medical attention.

Diagnosis is usually made through physical examination and imaging techniques such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment varies based on the size and location of the hematoma; small, uncomplicated hematomas often resolve on their own, while larger or complicated hematomas might require medical intervention, including drainage or surgical removal.

Complications can include infection, tissue necrosis, or the development of chronic hematomas. Prevention focuses on minimizing trauma and managing underlying conditions that affect blood clotting. Overall, timely assessment and appropriate management are essential to prevent adverse outcomes associated with hematomas.