hazelaars

Hazels, or hazel trees, are woody plants in the genus Corylus, most commonly Corylus avellana, the common hazel. They are deciduous shrubs or small trees native to Europe and western Asia and are cultivated worldwide for edible nuts and for use in hedges and ornamental plantings.

Hazels typically grow to 3–8 meters, though some forms may reach taller. They are usually multi-stemmed and rather open in habit. Leaves are round to oval, 6–12 cm long, with a doubly serrated margin. In late winter and early spring they produce long, yellow male catkins and small reddish female flowers. Nuts develop in a green husk that splits open when ripe in autumn; the nuts are edible, with a sweet, rich flavor.

Cultivation and varieties: Hazels prefer well-drained soil and a sunny to partially shaded site. They tolerate a range of soils but do best in fertile, moist conditions. They are often trained as hedges or coppiced on a rotation for nuts or timber. Numerous cultivars have been selected for nut size and quality, disease resistance, or ornamental appeal. They are wind-pollinated and can produce nuts biennially in many cases.

Ecology and uses: Hazels support wildlife by providing nectar early in the season from catkins and by offering cover and food for mammals and birds. Economically, hazelnuts are eaten fresh or roasted and used in confectionery; the wood is used for fencing and small-scale woodworking. Hazels are widely grown in commercial orchards, gardens, and as hedges.