halláskárosodások

Halláskárosodások, or hearing loss, refers to a partial or complete inability to hear sounds. It can affect one or both ears and can range in severity from mild to profound. There are several types of hearing loss, primarily categorized as conductive, sensorineural, and mixed hearing loss.

Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound waves are blocked from reaching the inner ear, often due to problems in the outer or middle ear. This can be caused by earwax buildup, infections, perforated eardrums, or otosclerosis. Sensorineural hearing loss is more common and results from damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the auditory nerve. Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) and noise-induced hearing loss are frequent causes of this type. Mixed hearing loss is a combination of both conductive and sensorineural components.

Factors contributing to hearing loss include genetics, aging, exposure to loud noises, certain medications, head injuries, and chronic ear infections. Symptoms can include difficulty understanding speech, especially in noisy environments, ringing in the ears (tinnitus), and a feeling of fullness in the ear.

Diagnosis typically involves audiometric testing by an audiologist, which measures the ability to hear different frequencies and intensities of sound. Treatment options depend on the type and cause of the hearing loss. Conductive hearing loss may be treatable with medication or surgery. Sensorineural hearing loss is generally permanent, but hearing aids, cochlear implants, and assistive listening devices can help improve hearing and communication. Early detection and intervention are crucial for managing hearing loss and mitigating its impact on daily life.