gép

Gép is the Hungarian term for a device that uses energy to perform work. In general usage, a gép can be simple or complex, ranging from a lever or wheel-and-axle to a modern computer-controlled system. The concept covers mechanisms that transform energy, transmit motion, or manipulate information and matter, and it is central to engineering, industry, and everyday life.

Historically, humans have constructed devices to make work easier, from basic levers, inclined planes, and pulleys to water wheels and steam engines. The industrial revolution expanded the range and scale of machines, and the 20th century brought electric and electronic machines, automation, and robotics. Today, machines often integrate physical motion with sensing and computation to operate autonomously or semi-autonomously.

Classification and components. Simple machines are traditionally the six classical types: lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, screw, and wedge. Complex machines combine two or more simple machines. Machines may be powered by human effort, motors, engines, or other energy sources, and they may include control systems that regulate their operation. Energy conversions can involve mechanical, electrical, chemical, thermal, hydraulic, or pneumatic processes.

Common components include an energy source or prime mover, transmission or gearing, actuators (such as motors or pistons), sensors, and a control system or operator interface. Safety and standardization play important roles; machines are subject to risk assessments and conformity standards in many regions, such as ISO guidelines and regional markings.

Applications span industry, transportation, household devices, and information processing systems. The concept of gép continues to evolve with advances in automation, the Internet of Things, and AI-enabled machinery.