gänga

Gänga, in English commonly called a crutch, is a mobility aid used to transfer weight away from an injured or weakened leg to the upper body, allowing a person to stand and walk with assistance. It helps maintain balance, reduce load on the affected limb, and support rehabilitation after injury or surgery.

There are two main types: underarm crutches (axillary) and forearm crutches (Lofstrand or elbow crutches). Underarm crutches rest in the armpit with a handgrip for the user to hold, while forearm crutches have an integrated cuff that surrounds the forearm and a separate handgrip. Modern crutches are typically made from wood, aluminum, or composite materials and are adjustable in height to fit the user. The top, grip, and sometimes the height are regularly customized to ensure comfort and safety.

Proper fitting is important to prevent injury. For an underarm crutch, the top should be positioned a short distance below the axilla, with the elbow slightly bent (roughly 15–30 degrees) when the hand grips the handle. The user bears weight through the hands rather than pressing under the armpit. The overall gait pattern depends on the injury and clinician guidance, but the aim is to move the crutches and the body in a controlled sequence to advance the injured limb safely.

Safety and maintenance focus on proper fit, stable tips, and intact frames. Misfitting crutches can cause nerve irritation or falls. Alternatives include canes or walkers, depending on mobility needs and rehabilitation stage.