groundworm

Groundworm is a common name that can refer to several different types of terrestrial invertebrates, but most often it is used to describe nematodes that live in the soil. These are typically small, unsegmented roundworms belonging to the phylum Nematoda. They are found in virtually all soil environments worldwide, from arid deserts to fertile farmlands.

Soil nematodes play a crucial role in soil ecosystems. Many species are decomposers, breaking down organic matter and recycling nutrients. Others are predators, feeding on bacteria, fungi, or even other nematodes. Some are plant parasites, feeding on plant roots and potentially causing damage to crops. The specific diet and ecological role depend on the particular species of groundworm.

Groundworms are often microscopic and require a microscope to be observed clearly. Their life cycles involve hatching from eggs, undergoing several larval stages, and finally reaching adulthood. Reproduction can be sexual or asexual depending on the species. Their presence and activity are indicators of soil health. While some parasitic species can be detrimental to agriculture, the vast majority of soil nematodes are beneficial or neutral, contributing to soil structure and nutrient cycling. The term "groundworm" is less scientific and more colloquial, leading to potential confusion with other soil-dwelling creatures like earthworms, which are annelids and have segmented bodies.