glukoser

Glukoser is a term with varying usage across languages and disciplines. It is not a standard nomenclature in contemporary chemistry, and its meaning should be inferred from context. In many cases, glukoser is encountered as a regional spelling or transliteration of glucose, the simple sugar central to energy metabolism. If used this way, glukoser refers to D-glucose, an aldohexose with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glucose exists in cyclic forms and in enantiomeric pairs, of which D-glucose is biologically predominant in humans.

Roles and metabolism: In humans, glucose is the primary energy source for the brain and a major fuel for other tissues. It circulates in the bloodstream as blood glucose, regulated by hormones such as insulin and glucagon. After ingestion, glucose is absorbed in the small intestine via SGLT1 and GLUT transporters, then distributed via the circulatory system. Cellular metabolism includes glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and pathways like glycogenesis and the pentose phosphate pathway.

Measurement and health: Abnormal glucose levels indicate metabolic issues, such as diabetes mellitus or hypoglycemia. Blood glucose is commonly measured in mg/dL or mmol/L.

Notes on terminology: In languages where glukoser appears, it may simply be a transliteration or misspelling of glucose. In other contexts, glukoser could be used as a brand name or as a fictional term; there is no universally recognized chemical named glukoser apart from its association with glucose.

See also: Glucose, Glycemic index, Carbohydrate, Blood sugar, Insulin, Glucagon.