gildingcovering

Gilding covering is the decorative technique of applying a thin layer of gold or gold-colored material to a surface to create a metallic finish. It can involve real gold leaf, gold foil, or imitation leaf such as brass, copper, or aluminum, as well as gold paint or powder.

Two main methods are used: water gilding, where a moisture-sensitive adhesive called size is used and the gold leaf is laid onto the tacky surface and burnished; and oil gilding, where an oil-based size provides a longer working time for leaf adhesion. Modern gilding may use synthetic binders or polymer resins, and leaf with a protective varnish or sealant to resist tarnish.

Process steps generally include preparing and priming the surface, applying the sizing and allowing it to reach tack, carefully laying the leaf with a gilder’s tip, aligning seams, and burnishing or smoothing as needed. After application, a protective coating such as shellac, varnish, or polyurethane is often employed to protect the gilded finish. When using imitation leaves or metallic paints, the process focuses on adhesion and a uniform finish, followed by sealing.

Applications of gilding covering are wide and include architectural ornament, picture frames, furniture, sculpture, religious icons, bookbindings, and decorative objects. Durability depends on the method and environment; gilded surfaces can be susceptible to abrasion, humidity, and solvents, and repairs commonly involve re-leafing or retouching.

Safety and history notes: some traditional gilding techniques, such as mercury-based fire gilding, are hazardous and rarely used today. Modern gilding emphasizes non-toxic methods and durable, maintenance-friendly finishes.