geomágneses

Geomágneses refers to phenomena related to the Earth's magnetic field. This field, often called the geomagnetic field, is generated by the movement of molten iron in the Earth's outer core. It extends from the Earth's interior into space, forming a protective magnetosphere that shields the planet from harmful solar wind. The geomagnetic field is not static; it fluctuates in strength and direction over time. This includes daily variations caused by the interaction of solar radiation with the upper atmosphere, as well as longer-term changes such as secular variation, which describes the slow drift of the magnetic poles.

The poles of the geomagnetic field, known as the magnetic north and magnetic south poles, are distinct from the geographic poles, which are defined by the Earth's axis of rotation. The magnetic poles are constantly moving, and their positions have changed significantly throughout Earth's history. In addition to these slow drifts, the geomagnetic field can experience sudden and dramatic events like geomagnetic storms. These storms are caused by intense solar activity, such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections, which send charged particles towards Earth. These particles can interact with the magnetosphere, leading to auroras (Northern and Southern Lights) and potentially disrupting satellite operations and power grids. The study of geomágneses is crucial for understanding Earth's internal processes, space weather, and its impact on technology and life on the planet.