genitaler

Genitals, or genitalia, are the organs involved in urination, sexual function, and reproduction. In humans, they include external structures visible on the body and internal structures housed within the pelvis. The arrangement varies between individuals and across sexes, and intersex variations exist.

External genitalia include the following: in females, the vulva—the mons pubis, labia majora and minora, clitoris, and the openings to the vagina and urethra; in males, the penis and the scrotum.

Internal genitalia include: in females, the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina; in males, the testes in the scrotum, the epididymis, the vas deferens, the seminal vesicles, and the prostate. The urethra serves urinary and, in males, reproductive functions as it passes through the penis.

Development and function: Gonads develop in the embryo and differentiate under hormonal signals. At puberty, sex hormones drive secondary sexual characteristics and functional maturation of the reproductive system, including ovarian cycles in females and spermatogenesis in males.

Health and variation: Genital health involves hygiene, protection from infections, and safe sexual practices and contraception where appropriate. Conditions affecting the genitals include infections (such as sexually transmitted infections), inflammatory disorders, congenital anomalies, and age-related changes. Cultural, legal, and ethical considerations also shape discussions about genital health and autonomy.