mons

Mons is the capital of the province of Hainaut in the Wallonia region of Belgium. It lies on the Haine River, southwest of Brussels. The name derives from the Latin mons, meaning mountain or hill, and reflects the historic topography of the area.

Historically, Mons developed as an important medieval town within the County of Hainaut and later became a regional center in the Burgundian and Habsburg periods. The city endured the upheavals of the 20th century, including occupation in the world wars and near the front lines during World War I. In 2015, Mons and Pécs were designated European Capitals of Culture, a designation that highlighted the city’s cultural programs and revitalization.

Cultural landmarks in Mons include the Grand Place with the Town Hall and the Belfry of Mons, both central elements of the historic core. The Belfry belongs to the group of Belfries of Belgium and France that are listed by UNESCO. The Saint Waltrude Collegiate Church and the Mons Memorial Museum, which focuses on military history, are notable institutions in the city. The Ducasse de Mons, or Doudou festival, held on Trinity Sunday, features the procession of Saint Waltrude and a dragon figure; it is recognized by UNESCO as intangible cultural heritage.

Education and economy: Mons hosts a major university and several higher-education institutions, forming a regional academic center. The city serves as a hub for administration, services, culture, and commerce in western Belgium, preserving a blend of historical heritage and contemporary urban life.