földfalak

**Földfalak** (also known as earth walls or earthen walls) are traditional construction techniques that use compacted soil as the primary building material. These structures have been utilized for centuries across various cultures, offering durability, thermal mass, and sustainability. The method involves layering and compressing soil, often mixed with natural binders like clay, straw, or lime, to create stable and long-lasting walls.

One of the most common types of earthen walls is the **rammed earth wall**, where soil is poured into wooden or metal forms and compacted using mechanical or manual tools. Another technique is **adobe**, where soil, sand, water, and a binder (such as clay or straw) are mixed into bricks or blocks, which are then laid in mortar. **Wattle and daub** is another variation, where a wooden lattice (wattle) is coated with a clay-based plaster (daub), creating a flexible yet strong wall.

Földfalak are valued for their environmental benefits, as they require minimal processing of raw materials and have a low carbon footprint. They also provide excellent thermal regulation, maintaining cooler temperatures in hot climates and retaining warmth in colder environments. Historically, these walls were found in regions with abundant soil resources, such as parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Central Asia, as well as in medieval Europe.

Modern applications of earthen construction have seen a resurgence due to growing interest in sustainable architecture. While traditional methods rely on manual labor, contemporary techniques incorporate machinery for efficiency. Proper design and construction are essential to prevent issues like cracking or erosion, but when executed correctly, földfalak offer a durable, cost-effective, and eco-friendly alternative to conventional building materials.