fotokatalyzátorem

Fotokatalyzátorem is a substance that accelerates a chemical reaction when exposed to light. This process, known as photocatalysis, involves the absorption of photons by the catalyst, leading to the generation of electron-hole pairs. These charge carriers then participate in redox reactions, transforming reactants into desired products.

A common example of a fotokatalyzátorem is titanium dioxide (TiO2). When irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light, TiO2 becomes photoactive. The electrons excited by UV photons can reduce adsorbed oxygen molecules to form superoxide radicals, while the holes can oxidize water to hydroxyl radicals. These reactive oxygen species are potent oxidizers capable of breaking down organic pollutants and other substances.

Fotokatalyzátorem find applications in various fields. One significant area is environmental remediation, where they are used to purify air and water by degrading contaminants like volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and dyes. In self-cleaning surfaces, fotokatalyzátorem can break down dirt and grime, making cleaning easier. They are also explored for hydrogen production from water splitting and for carbon dioxide reduction. The efficiency of a fotokatalyzátorem depends on factors such as its band gap, surface area, and crystal structure, as well as the intensity and wavelength of the incident light. Research continues to focus on developing more efficient and visible-light-activated fotokatalyzátorem to broaden their practical use.