fotofoobia

Fotophobia, also known as light sensitivity or photophobia, is a medical symptom characterized by an abnormal intolerance to light. It is not a disease in itself, but rather a sign of an underlying condition. Individuals experiencing photophobia may feel discomfort, pain, or a burning sensation in their eyes when exposed to normal levels of light. This can range from mild annoyance to severe pain, often leading to a desire to avoid light altogether.

The causes of photophobia are diverse and can include eye conditions such as uveitis, iritis, keratitis, conjunctivitis, dry eye syndrome, and corneal abrasions. Migraine headaches are also frequently accompanied by photophobia, and it can be a symptom of meningitis, encephalitis, or a concussion. Certain medications and neurological disorders can also contribute to light sensitivity.

Diagnosis typically involves a thorough eye examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, as well as a review of medical history to identify potential underlying causes. Treatment focuses on addressing the root cause of the photophobia. For example, if it's due to dry eyes, artificial tears might be prescribed. If it's related to inflammation, anti-inflammatory medications may be used. For migraine-related photophobia, headache management strategies are employed.

While there is no direct cure for photophobia itself, managing the underlying condition usually alleviates the symptom. In the meantime, strategies like wearing sunglasses outdoors, using wide-brimmed hats, and dimming indoor lights can help reduce discomfort. Some individuals find relief by wearing specialized tinted lenses.