forrasztási

Forrasztási is a Hungarian term that translates to "soldering" in English. It refers to a process of joining two or more metal items by melting and putting a filler metal (solder) into the joint, the filler metal having a relatively low melting point. The filler metal is heated, typically with a soldering iron, until it melts. The molten solder then flows by capillary action into the gap between the closely fitted surfaces of the parts to be joined. Soldering is a process that is used widely in electronics for connecting components to printed circuit boards, in plumbing for joining pipes, and in jewelry making.

The key characteristic of soldering is that the base metals are not melted. The melting point of the solder is always lower than that of the base metals. This distinction is important as it differentiates soldering from brazing and welding, which involve higher temperatures and melting of the base materials. Soldering requires careful preparation of the surfaces to be joined to ensure good adhesion. Cleaning the surfaces to remove oxides and contaminants is crucial. Flux is also typically used to prevent oxidation during heating and to facilitate the wetting of the base metals by the molten solder.

Various types of solder exist, with lead-tin alloys being historically common. However, due to environmental and health concerns, lead-free solders, often containing tin, silver, and copper, are now widely used, particularly in electronics manufacturing. The choice of solder and flux depends on the specific application, the materials being joined, and the required strength and electrical conductivity of the joint.