formänderungsdiagramm

A formänderungsdiagramm, also known as a strain diagram or deformation diagram, is a graphical representation used in materials science and engineering to illustrate the relationship between stress and strain for a given material. It is typically generated from data obtained during a tensile test or compression test. The horizontal axis represents strain, which is the measure of deformation relative to the original size of the material, usually expressed as a unitless ratio or percentage. The vertical axis represents stress, which is the force applied per unit area, typically measured in Pascals (Pa) or pounds per square inch (psi).

The shape of the formänderungsdiagramm provides crucial information about a material's mechanical properties. In the elastic region, stress is directly proportional to strain, and the material will return to its original shape upon removal of the load. This linear relationship is described by Hooke's Law, and the slope of this region represents the Young's modulus (or modulus of elasticity) of the material. Beyond the elastic limit, the material enters the plastic region, where permanent deformation occurs. This region can include a yield point, where the material begins to deform significantly with little increase in stress, followed by a strain hardening region where increasing stress is required to continue deformation. The ultimate tensile strength is the maximum stress the material can withstand before necking, and the fracture point indicates the stress at which the material breaks. Formänderungsdiagramme are essential for selecting appropriate materials for structural applications and for understanding material behavior under load.