formsDurga

Forms of Durga refer to the various manifestations of the Hindu goddess Durga, a principal embodiment of Shakti, or divine feminine energy. In Hindu theology she is a composite goddess who assumes multiple forms to combat demons and protect adherents. The forms are traditionally grouped into Navadurga, the nine forms worshipped during the annual Navaratri festival, and additional fierce and benevolent aspects widely revered in temple iconography and folk practice.

Navadurga comprises Shailaputri, Brahmacharini, Chandraghanta, Kushmanda, Skandamata, Katyayani, Kaalratri, Mahagauri, and Siddhidatri. Each form is associated with specific legends, virtues, and days of worship during Navaratri. The collection illustrates Durga’s different powers—from creation and growth to destruction and spiritual attainment.

Beyond the Navadurga, Durga is also venerated in fierce manifestations such as Mahishasura Murdini (slayer of the buffalo demon) and Chamunda/Kalratri, as well as the more benevolent forms that merge with Parvati or Devi traditions. These forms emphasize various aspects of divine energy: protection, courage, compassion, wisdom, and liberation. Iconography typically depicts Durga armed with weapons, riding a lion or tiger, and sometimes standing on or defeating Mahishasura; some forms emphasize a dark, fierce image like Kali, while others depict a serene mother goddess.

Forms of Durga are central to many festivals, notably Durga Puja in eastern India and Navaratri in northern and western regions, where devotees honor her victory over evil and invoke blessings for prosperity, health, and spiritual growth. See also Devi, Shakti, Navadurga, Durga Puja.