folyóvízhozammér

A folyóvízhozammér, often translated as river discharge meter or flow meter, is an instrument used to measure the volume of water flowing past a point in a river or stream over a specific period. This measurement, known as discharge or flow rate, is a critical parameter in hydrology, environmental monitoring, and water resource management.

The principle behind most folyóvízhozammér devices involves determining the velocity of the water and the cross-sectional area of the flow. By multiplying these two values, the volume of water passing per unit time can be calculated. Common methods for measuring velocity include using current meters, which have propellers or impellers that rotate at a speed proportional to the water's speed. Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) are another advanced technology that uses sound waves to measure water velocity at various depths.

The cross-sectional area is typically determined by measuring the width of the river and the depth at multiple points across that width. Specialized equipment or manual surveying techniques can be employed for this purpose. The accuracy of the folyóvízhozammér is influenced by factors such as the instrument's calibration, the uniformity of the flow, and the skill of the operator.

Measurements are vital for understanding river behavior, predicting flood risks, assessing water availability for irrigation and hydropower, and monitoring the impact of human activities on aquatic ecosystems. Data collected by folyóvízhozammér devices are essential for hydrological modeling, water quality assessments, and the sustainable management of freshwater resources.