focusnozzle

Focusnozzle, often written as focus nozzle or focusing nozzle, is a nozzle design intended to concentrate a fluid flow into a narrow, high-velocity jet or directed spray. The main principle is to constrain expansion and guide the flow so the jet remains coherent and directional over a longer distance. This is typically achieved with a tapered throat and a carefully shaped exit, sometimes complemented by a short focusing chamber or annular sleeve.

Applications of focusnozzles span several industries. In high-pressure waterjet cutting, a focusing nozzle helps preserve jet coherence as it travels toward the workpiece, occasionally delivering abrasive particles downstream to boost cutting power. In spray and coating systems, focusing nozzles produce narrow sprays for precise deposition and reduced overspray. In research and microfluidic contexts, variations of the focus concept may employ additional methods—such as guided flow geometry or fields—to steer or narrow a jet or droplet stream.

Design and operating considerations include throat and exit diameters, nozzle length, material hardness, surface finish, and compatibility with the conveyed fluid. The focusing effect depends on pressure, viscosity, and density, and performance can be affected by wear and clogging. Abrasive or high-temperature fluids commonly drive the need for erosion-resistant materials and robust sealing.

Overall, focusnozzles aim to improve jet penetration, targeting accuracy, and deposition efficiency by shaping and constraining the flow, making them useful in manufacturing, coating, and experimental settings.

See also: nozzle, waterjet, spray nozzle, jet stability, fluid dynamics.