fluorpolymeer

Fluorpolymeer is a class of polymer materials in which fluorine atoms replace hydrogen in the repeating units of the polymer chain. The carbon–fluorine bonds confer exceptional chemical resistance, high thermal stability, and very low surface energy, yielding non-stick behavior, solvent resistance, and often excellent dielectric properties.

Common examples include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), perfluoroalkoxy alkanes (PFA), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). PTFE offers outstanding chemical resistance and a melting point around 327°C but is not melt‑processable; FEP and PFA are melt‑processable copolymers; PVDF provides a balance of chemical resistance, mechanical strength, and electrical insulation.

Most fluoropolymers are produced by free‑radical polymerization of fluorinated monomers. PTFE is prepared from tetrafluoroethylene; FEP and PFA arise from TFE copolymers with hexafluoropropylene or other comonomers; PVDF is made from vinylidene fluoride. PTFE is typically processed by sintering or paste extrusion, while FEP, PFA and PVDF can be melt‑processed and extruded into films, tubes, and coatings.

Applications include chemical processing equipment, gaskets and linings, non‑stick cookware, electrical insulation, and medical devices where chemical inertness, purity, or high dielectric performance is required.

Environmental considerations center on persistence and historical use of processing aids such as PFOA; fluoropolymers are generally chemically inert but difficult to recycle, and high‑temperature decomposition can release hazardous fluorinated compounds, requiring proper handling and disposal.