firstgrade

First grade is the first year of formal elementary schooling in many education systems, most commonly in the United States and Canada. It follows kindergarten and precedes second grade. Students are typically aged about 6 to 7 at the start of the school year, though ages can vary by region and school policy. The year aims to build foundational skills in reading, writing, math, and social development while fostering independence and classroom routines.

Curriculum generally centers on literacy and numeracy, with a focus on decoding and phonics for reading, writing simple sentences, building vocabulary, and developing handwriting. In mathematics, students learn basic addition and subtraction, number sense, counting, and simple problem solving. Content then broadens to science, social studies, health, and physical education, often integrated through hands-on activities and collaborative projects. Arts and music education are commonly included.

Instruction often combines teacher-led lessons with small-group work, guided reading, and individual practice. Assessment is typically ongoing and informal, using observations, checklists, and periodic quizzes or tests to monitor progress toward grade-level standards. Many districts emphasize social-emotional development, classroom routines, and students' ability to work independently and with peers. Homework, when assigned, tends to be light and developmentally appropriate.

Internationally, the term first grade may refer to different stages of primary education. In some countries the equivalent is Year 1 or Primary 1, and age ranges and curriculum differ. The first grade sets the foundation for later schooling and prepares students for the transition to second grade and more advanced coursework.