fenestrované

Fenestrované is a Czech adjective meaning fenestrated, i.e., provided with fenestrae or openings in its surface. The word derives from the Latin fenestra, “window,” and is used in Czech to describe objects, tissues, or structures that feature openings.

In biology and medicine, fenestrované describes tissues or blood vessels that contain fenestrae—tiny pores in the endothelial lining that increase permeability. Fenestrated capillaries are common in organs with high exchange demands, such as the kidneys (glomerular capillaries), endocrine glands, the intestinal mucosa, and the choroid plexus. The fenestrae facilitate rapid transfer of fluids, ions, and small molecules while helping to restrict larger components.

In clinical practice, fenestration refers to creating an opening or window between anatomical spaces or in prosthetic devices. A fenestrated graft or fenestrated stent graft includes openings to accommodate branch vessels. Surgical fenestration can also mean creating a temporary or permanent opening to relieve pressure or permit drainage, such as in certain cardiac or intracranial contexts.

In architecture, fenestration denotes the design and placement of openings or windows in a building façade. A fenestrated design considers factors such as light, ventilation, acoustics, and visual rhythm, and the term is used to describe facades with deliberate patterns of windows.

See also: fenestra, fenestration, fenestrated.