fatnaðar

Fatnaður is the Icelandic term for clothing and attire, referring to the items people wear to cover the body. It includes garments for warmth, protection, and everyday or formal use, as well as accessories such as hats, belts, and bags. Clothing serves practical functions—insulation and safety—as well as social and cultural purposes, signaling status, identity, or affiliation.

Historically, clothing evolved from basic animal skins and furs to woven textiles and knitted fabrics, improving warmth, durability, and mobility. Textile production began with simple looms and spinners and expanded through mechanical innovations and industrialization. In the modern era, mass production and fashion cycles increased availability and variety, while also raising concerns about waste, labor practices, and environmental impact.

Materials range from natural fibers—wool, cotton, silk, linen—to synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon, and elastane. Garment construction involves cutting, sewing, and finishing; care varies by material, with some fabrics machine-washable and others requiring special cleaning. Today sustainability and ethical production are prominent considerations in design, manufacturing, and consumer choices.

Clothing is organized by function and context: outerwear such as coats and jackets, underwear, dresses and suits, sportswear, and workwear. Accessories including hats, scarves, footwear, and bags complete outfits. Dress codes, cultural norms, and fashion trends influence what is considered appropriate or desirable in different settings.

See also fashion, textile industry, sustainable fashion.