extintor

An extintor, commonly called a fire extinguisher, is a portable safety device used to discharge an extinguishing agent to suppress small, incipient fires. It is designed for early intervention before a fire grows beyond control and is found in homes, offices, vehicles, and industrial settings. Fire extinguishers are rated for different classes of fire and carry labels to indicate suitable use.

Most extintores come in several main types. Water-based extinguishers are used for ordinary combustibles (class A). Foam extinguishers handle solid fuels and flammable liquids. Dry chemical powder extinguishers (often labeled ABC) provide broad coverage for A, B, and C fires. CO2 extinguishers are effective for electrical fires and areas where residue must be avoided, though they displace oxygen and are not ideal in occupied spaces. Wet chemical extinguishers are designed for professional kitchens (class F). There are also specialized clean-agent and water-mist extinguishers for specific environments.

Operating an extinguisher typically follows the PASS method: Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, and Sweep from side to side. Stand at a safe distance, keep an escape route behind you, and use the extinguisher only on small fires. Do not use water on electrical fires or on burning oils and fats unless the extinguisher is rated for those classes. After use, evacuate and call emergency services, and have the device recharged or replaced.

Maintenance and compliance: Extinguishers should be visually inspected regularly and serviced by qualified personnel. Hydrostatic testing is performed at prescribed intervals, and extinguishers must be recharged or replaced after use or upon reaching the end of their service life. Standards vary by region, with examples including NFPA 10 in the United States and EN 3 in Europe.