estudiada

Estudiada is the feminine singular past participle of the Spanish verb estudiar. It functions as an adjective and, in passive constructions, as part of the compound tenses with haber or ser, agreeing in gender and number with the noun it describes. It generally conveys that something has been studied, examined, or analyzed.

Etymology and form: Estudiada is derived from estudiar, which in turn comes from Latin studiāre, based on studium meaning zeal, study, or effort. Like other -ar verbs in Spanish, the past participle forms with -ado for masculine and -ada for feminine: estudiado (masculine) and estudiada (feminine). The neuter form lo estudiado can function as a noun phrase meaning “what has been studied.”

Usage and examples: The feminine form is used with feminine nouns or when referring to a feminine subject. Examples include: la teoría estudiada (the studied theory), la muestra estudiada (the studied sample), or la investigación ya estudiada (the investigation already studied). In passive voice, one can say: La teoría ha sido estudiada; La muestra fue estudiada por los investigadores. The neuter lo estudiado appears in phrases like: Lo estudiado en la conferencia fue relevante.

Nuances: Estudiada often implies thorough or careful study, similar to bien estudiada or minuciosamente analizada. It is common in academic, scientific, and analytical contexts. While similar to estujada (less common) or estudianto in other forms, the standard feminine participle widely used is estudiada, with masculine counterparts and neuter lo estudiado available for broader references.