estrogeeneihin

Estrogeeneihin, often referred to as estrogens in English, are a group of steroid hormones. The primary and most potent estrogen is estradiol, which is produced mainly by the ovaries in females. Other estrogens include estrone and estriol. These hormones play a crucial role in the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. Their functions extend beyond reproduction, influencing various bodily systems including bone health, cardiovascular function, and mood regulation.

During puberty, estrogens are responsible for the development of breasts, the widening of the hips, and the onset of menstruation. Throughout the menstrual cycle, they are involved in the growth and repair of the uterine lining. In pregnancy, estrogens support fetal development and prepare the body for childbirth. Following menopause, the production of estrogens by the ovaries significantly decreases, leading to various physiological changes.

Estrogens are not exclusive to females; small amounts are also produced in males by the testes and adrenal glands, where they contribute to sperm maturation and libido. Due to their widespread effects, estrogens are also utilized in hormone replacement therapy to manage menopausal symptoms and in certain forms of contraception. Research continues to explore the multifaceted roles of estrogens in health and disease.